Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part E (2025)

Mulk Raj Anand was an early and influential figure in Indian English literature; this study analyses his humanistic outlook by looking at how he dealt with issues of caste and social equality. This study delves into Anand's use of fiction to promote social reform and humanism through a close examination of his influential books Untouchable (1935) and Coolie (1936). Human dignity, freedom, and the capacity for transformation are central to his "whole man" philosophy and comprehensive historical humanism, which combine Eastern and Western ideas. The characters of Badha and Munoo, who are central to Anand's story, exemplify the oppression and perseverance of India's lower-class citizens. This chapter contends that Anand's humanistic approach goes beyond social realism and presents a global perspective on human rights that tackles issues such as child labour, gender discrimination, class exploitation, untouchability, and prejudice. This study shows that Anand's work is still relevant to modern debates about social justice by placing it within human rights and postcolonial discourses. Anand is established as a literary humanist whose works inspire engagement with human dignity and social reform; the analysis shows how his literary techniques psychological depth, realistic characterisation, and evocative imagery successfully convey the lived experiences of marginalised individuals and challenge readers to confront systemic injustice.