Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part E (2025)

Climate change is increasingly recognized as a critical determinant of human health, influencing both physical and mental wellbeing. Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, and shifting ecosystems are generating new health risks while exacerbating existing social and health inequalities. This article adopts a sociological perspective to examine how climate transformation interacts with social structures, cultural norms, and institutional frameworks to shape health outcomes. Drawing on environmental sociology, risk society theory,cultural theory and social capital theory, the study conceptualizes health as a socially produced condition, mediated by factors such as class, gender, ethnicity, geography, and access to resources. The analysis identifies two interconnected dynamics. First, emerging vulnerabilities manifest in climate-related diseases, food insecurity, population displacement, and psychological stress, disproportionately affecting marginalized communities. Second, adaptive realities highlight the role of social innovation, collective resilience, community networks, and indigenous knowledge in mitigating adverse outcomes. By exploring case studies, the paper demonstrates that climate change amplifies pre-existing inequalities while simultaneously fostering novel forms of social solidarity and adaptive practice. This sociological inquiry emphasizes that effective responses to climate-related health challenges require moving beyond purely biomedical frameworks. Health must be understood as relational, ecologically grounded, and shaped by social justice considerations. Inclusive and participatory adaptation strategies that integrate local knowledge, strengthen institutional capacity, and prioritize the most vulnerable are essential for equitable health outcomes. By situating wellbeing at the intersection of ecological sustainability and social equity, this research underscores the importance of a sociologically informed approach to climate-health governance, highlighting pathways for resilience, justice, and collective wellbeing in the 21st century.